一、动名词的结构形式
（一）否定结构
动名词的否定结构由not 动名词组成。例如：
Trying without success is better than not trying at all.实验没有成功也比不实验好。
He hated himself for not having work hard.他悔恨自己没有用功。
I’m sorry for not having telephoned you before.很抱歉，没有提早给你打电话。
He felt sorry for not having done the work well.他为没有把工作做好感到难过。
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.我看不去对你倒好了。(not going 是动名词一般式的否定形式)
There is no denying the fact that he si diligent. (no denying 也是动名词一般式的否定)
（二）复合结构
通常情况下，动名词的逻辑主语为谓语动词的主语。如果动名词动作的发出者不是谓语动的主语时，则需要有自己的逻辑主语物主代词或名词所有格加动名词就构成了动名词的复合结构，这种结构在句中可以作主语，宾语等。
1.逻辑主语是有生命的名词作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时(尤其在口语中)，也可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格。如：
Do you think my going there will be of any help?
你看我去会有什么帮助吗?(主语)这里包含着一个宾语从句。
The student’s knowing English well helps him in learning French.这位学生通晓英语对他学法语很有帮助。(主语)
Do you mind my(me) smoking你介意我抽烟吗?(宾语)
They insist on Mary’s (Mary) going with them there.他们坚持要玛丽跟他们一起去那儿。(介词宾语)
2.逻辑主语是无生命名词是，通常只用名词普通格。如：
Do you hear the rain pattering on the roof?你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗?
Is there any hope of our team winning the match我们对赢得比赛有希望吗?
3.逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this ,that,somebody,someone,nobody,none,anybody,anyone 时，只用普通格。如：
She was woken up by somebody shouting outside.她被外面喊叫的人吵醒了。
带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如：
Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。(=That she came to help encouraged all of us.)
Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简的粗心惹来了不少麻烦。(=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)
What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。(=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)
在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：
Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗?
The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。
Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset.玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。
His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。
在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语：
a. 无命名词
The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。
b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗?
c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列
Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗?
